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辣椒秧变废为宝 循环农业富乡村_我的网站
一 | 8月20日，滦南县姚王庄镇，田间地头随处可见村民们忙碌的身影。他们不是忙着采摘蔬菜，而是将一车车的废弃辣椒秧送往集中堆放点。 "For decades now, the Pacific Ocean can be fairly described as an American lake, in which the US strategic presence is actively supported by the Australian and to a lesser extent New Zealand economic and security presence," says Joseph Camilleri, emeritus professor at La Trobe University in Melbourne.,However, with the People's Republic of China's (PRC) swift economic rise, it's hardly surprising that Beijing has started to explore new possibilities in the Pacific, according to the academic.,"What has particularly troubled the United States and its principal ally in the South Pacific, Australia, is the fact that China is making inroads into what was until now considered to be an exclusive American sphere of influence," he stresses.,On July 13, Vice President Kamala Harris told the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) in Suva in a virtual address that US funding for the region would be stepped up to $60 million per year for 10 years. The newly announced endeavor includes more funding for fisheries, extra aid, and offers of new US embassies in the Pacific. In particular, the US is set to ink renewed fishing treaties with Pacific island nations allowing US vessels to fish in their exclusive economic zones (EEZ), and offering greater support for maritime surveillance in the Pacific. In addition to that, the Peace Corps – the United States government's volunteer program – will return to four countries, including Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, and Vanuatu, according to CNN.,Australia Welcomes 'Renewed Commitment' From US Towards Pacific, Willing to Work With China11:38 GMT,"The timing of the pledge has much to do with the strategic competition between the United States and China," Camilleri explains. "In recent years, China has made considerable headway in developing its relations with [the Pacific Island Forum (PIF)] board, including cooperation in political, security and regional affairs, aid and development, COVID response and health, Ocean affairs and climate change, and much else.",The US attempt to assert its presence in the Pacific region also comes on the heels of the Quad IUU Fishing Initiative announced in late May, according to Jay Batongbacal, director of the University of the Philippines Institute for Maritime Affairs and Law of the Sea.,The leaders of the Quad nations — Australia, India, Japan, and the United States – proposed a maritime surveillance initiative to establish a tracking system to combat illegal, unregulated, and unprotected (IUU) fishing. The Quad endeavor may be viewed as an extension of earlier initiatives against China's fishing activities in the South Pacific, according to the academic.,"The South Pacific region is presently one of the richest and most active fishery areas in the world," he highlights.,Why Asia Won't Reject Russia's Hydrocarbons or China's Rare Earths Despite US PressureYesterday, 18:54 GMT,Even if Half of Pacific Islands Ink China Pact, It'll be Beijing's Win,Two months ago, Beijing offered a draft agreement between China and 10 island nations spanning policing, security, fisheries, data, and a free trade zone. Some Pacific leaders have agreed to consider China's trade and security pact, while the others have voiced concerns that their rapprochement with Beijing could antagonize Washington.,"The Chinese proposal to establish a China-Pacific Islands cooperation framework agreement may not yet have won sufficient support but I expect that the Chinese side will persist with its proposal, and that it may be happy to proceed with it, even if only five or six Island states are prepared to sing such an agreement," says Camilleri.,Prior to that, in mid-April, the Chinese and the Solomon Islands governments formally signed a bilateral security agreement regardless of the displeasure voiced by the US, Australia, and New Zealand. Commenting on the pact on June 3, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi underscored that its purpose is "to assist the Solomon Islands in maintaining social order." He vehemently denied Western media speculation about China's apparent plans to beef up its military presence in the region.,"China has come to the South Pacific region to build roads and bridges and improve the people’s lives, not to station troops or build military bases," Wang highlighted.,© MANDEL NGANUS President Joe Biden meets with China's President Xi Jinping during a virtual summit from the Roosevelt Room of the White House in Washington, DC, November 15, 2021. US President Joe Biden meets with China's President Xi Jinping during a virtual summit from the Roosevelt Room of the White House in Washington, DC, November 15, 2021. © MANDEL NGAN,US-China Competition for Pacific Islands Region Will Intensify,As the US and China's competition for the resource-rich region unfolds, it all depends on what Washington and Beijing can offer to Pacific island nations, according to Camilleri.,"It is doubtful that the paltry sum of $60 million offered by the United States can even begin to match what China is offering, or that it will greatly impress the Pacific Islands States meeting in Fiji," the professor suggests.,Furthermore, China has made substantial progress in building trade relations with the countries of the region as well as in establishing diplomatic ties with the PIF. The People's Republic was first invited to attend the PIF-related Talk on Establishing Dialogue Partnership held in Suva, Fiji, in 1988. Since 1990, China has attended the Post-Forum Dialogue meetings on a regular basis. In 2003, China announced its willingness to further expand economic ties with PIF member countries as well as to provide funding for the forum's secretariat.,"According to official Chinese figures, from 1992 to 2021, total trade volume between China and Pacific Island Countries (PICs) having diplomatic relations with China grew from $153 million to $5.3 billion, registering an average annual increase of 13% and expanding by over 30 times in 30 years. Similarly, by the end of 2021, China’s direct investment in PICs having diplomatic relations with China had reached $2.72 billion," says Camilleri.,The competition between the United States and its allies on the one hand and China on the other will, if anything, gather pace and intensity in the years to come, the professor says, adding that Beijing's advantage is that "it comes to the table with a much bigger checkbook, and greater opportunities for trade and investment, especially in infrastructure projects."。
二 | “以前每年这时候，大棚辣椒结束采摘后，辣椒秧咋处理很让人头疼。
三 | ”正在运送辣椒秧的胡许庄村农户白怀军说，现在镇村统一设置堆放点、统一回收处置，解决了他们的后顾之忧。姚王庄镇是设施蔬菜大镇，现有蔬菜大棚1.2万余座，年产各类蔬菜近40万吨。
四 | “蔬菜产业鼓起村民的腰包，却也带来农业废弃物处理难题。”姚王庄镇镇长张杰说，特别是每年大棚辣椒收获后，产生近4000吨废弃辣椒秧。这些辣椒秧堆在路边影响交通，还容易引发火灾，扔到沟里又堵塞河道，成了烫手山芋。去年以来，姚王庄镇将废弃辣椒秧处理纳入重点民生工程，专门建立工作队，探索出“镇统筹、村引导、集中回收、统一处理”的办法，系统推进废弃辣椒秧规范化、资源化利用。
五 | 记者来到土桥村村口的废弃辣椒秧集中堆放点，只见农户开着农用车将废弃辣椒秧运到这里，工作人员操作专业设备装车，再运往下游的集中处理点。“我们共布局了8个集中堆放点，覆盖辣椒主要种植片区。”姚王庄镇干部刘昱辰说，他们与第三方公司合作，对废弃辣椒秧进行粉碎、发酵等专业技术处理，变成生物质燃料运往电厂。从无序废弃、污染环境到有序回收、变废为宝，在闭环流程下，废弃辣椒秧这一“生态包袱”变成了“绿色财富”。
六 | 但姚王庄镇并不满足于现状。在张杰看来，让废弃辣椒秧不出田是更优解。在李庄村辣椒大棚里，一台机械正忙碌作业，“吃”进辣椒秧，“吐”出碎粉末，直接撒到地里。“今年，镇上引导我们种菜大户购买了3台棚用还田机，进行废弃辣椒秧还田试验，将其变成土地可以吸收的肥料。”李庄村党支部书记兼村委会主任李原原说。从集中回收处置到粉碎直接还田，姚王庄镇的创新实践，是唐山市推行的农业废弃物资源化合理利用的生动缩影。当地立足绿色农业发展理念，让秸秆等农业废弃物实现饲料化、肥料化、能源化、原料化和基料化利用。截至目前，姚王庄镇已累计处理废弃辣椒秧3000多吨。采访过程中，张杰电话不断，频繁与芦台、迁安、海港经开区等地的营养土生产企业洽谈合作事宜。“将废弃辣椒秧深加工用于生产营养土，是下一步的工作重点。”张杰说，推动资源循环利用、助力绿色农业发展，他们一直在努力。（日报记者 王育民）。
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